EFFECT OF CLIMATE ON MUSEUM OBJECTS AND ITS CONTROL
A S BISHT
Abstract
Climate plays an important role in keeping the museum objects either in good shape or in bad shape. If the climatic conditions are not fa vourable, a chain of react ions start to damage the exhibits. The adverse effects of air pollutants and microorganisms are more in unfavourable climatic conditions. Controlled climate, particularly controlled temperature
conditions make the paintings, papers, textiles, leather etc., brittle and fragile. This paper deals with the role played by climatic conditions in adversely effecting the museum objects and the possible measures to control the same.
Introduction
Objects of cultural - historical interest are exposed to various kinds of danger from the very or are within the protective walls of a museum. In order to understand the mechanism of decay of art objects one must understand their chemical composition, method of making, alteration behavior and interaction of various agencies of deterioration process . This include ^s the climate as one of the
Scientific studies have shown that climatic conditions especially of the temperature and humidity have a profound effect on art objects since both of them accelerate chemical reactions.
Humidity
Of the factors related to climate, humidity whether in liquid state or as vapour is particularly severe cause of damage to works of art. The alteration of high and low humidity leads to a constant expansion (swelling) and contraction (shrinking) of art objects which are hygroscopic in nature. High humidity causes iron to rust and bronze disease becomes active in its presence. The corrosion of copper & lead and tarnishing of silver occur in high humid conditions. In fact most chemical reactions stan in presence of humidity, such as, salts trapped within the matrix of stone and clay objects suffer due to dissolution and recrystallizatiqn within their structures giving rise to efflorescence and at times exfoliation because of increase in volume. Humidity is the basis for the growth of microorganisms, they not only infest organic materials, such as, paper, leather, textiles and wood but also attack stone, glass and even bronzes.
Lew humidity on the other hand affects paintings, paper, palmleaf, textiles, leather etc.due to !oss of moisture content or dessication making them brittle, fragile and breakable with slight
A S BISHT
Abstract
Climate plays an important role in keeping the museum objects either in good shape or in bad shape. If the climatic conditions are not fa vourable, a chain of react ions start to damage the exhibits. The adverse effects of air pollutants and microorganisms are more in unfavourable climatic conditions. Controlled climate, particularly controlled temperature
conditions make the paintings, papers, textiles, leather etc., brittle and fragile. This paper deals with the role played by climatic conditions in adversely effecting the museum objects and the possible measures to control the same.
Introduction
Objects of cultural - historical interest are exposed to various kinds of danger from the very or are within the protective walls of a museum. In order to understand the mechanism of decay of art objects one must understand their chemical composition, method of making, alteration behavior and interaction of various agencies of deterioration process . This include ^s the climate as one of the
Scientific studies have shown that climatic conditions especially of the temperature and humidity have a profound effect on art objects since both of them accelerate chemical reactions.
Humidity
Of the factors related to climate, humidity whether in liquid state or as vapour is particularly severe cause of damage to works of art. The alteration of high and low humidity leads to a constant expansion (swelling) and contraction (shrinking) of art objects which are hygroscopic in nature. High humidity causes iron to rust and bronze disease becomes active in its presence. The corrosion of copper & lead and tarnishing of silver occur in high humid conditions. In fact most chemical reactions stan in presence of humidity, such as, salts trapped within the matrix of stone and clay objects suffer due to dissolution and recrystallizatiqn within their structures giving rise to efflorescence and at times exfoliation because of increase in volume. Humidity is the basis for the growth of microorganisms, they not only infest organic materials, such as, paper, leather, textiles and wood but also attack stone, glass and even bronzes.
Lew humidity on the other hand affects paintings, paper, palmleaf, textiles, leather etc.due to !oss of moisture content or dessication making them brittle, fragile and breakable with slight
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